Results Of Hematological Tests Research Articles

Clinical factors and major pathological response after neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in potentially resectable lung squamous cell carcinoma.

Major pathological response (MPR) helps evaluate the prognosis of patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). However, the clinical factors that affect the achievement of MPR after neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy (NCIO) in patients with LUSC remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the clinical factors affecting the MPR after NCIO in patients with potentially resectable LUSC. This retrospective study included patients with stage IIB-IIIC LUSC who underwent surgical resection after receiving NCIO at a center between March 2020 and November 2022. In addition to the postoperative pathological remission rate, sex, age, body mass index (BMI), smoking history, TNM stage, hematological and imaging test results, and other indicators were examined before NCIO. According to the pathological response rate of the surgically removed tumor tissue, the patients were split into MPR and non-MPR groups. In total, 91 LUSC patients who met the study's eligibility criteria were enrolled: 32 (35%) patients in the non-MPR group and 59 (65%) in the MPR group, which included 43 cases of pathological complete remission (pCR). Pre-treatment lymphocyte level (LY) (odds ratio [OR] =5.997), tumor burden (OR=0.958), N classification (OR=15.915), radiographic response (OR=11.590), pulmonary atelectasis (OR=5.413), and PD-L1 expression (OR=1.028) were independently associated with MPR (all P < 0.05). Based on these six independent predictors, we developed a nomogram model of prediction having an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.914 that is simple to apply clinically to predict the MPR. The MPR group showed greater disease-free survival (DFS) than the non-MPR group, according to the survival analysis (P < 0.001). The MPR rate of NCIO for potentially resectable LUSC was 65%. LY, tumor burden, N classification, radiographic response, pulmonary atelectasis, and PD-L1 expression in patients with LUSC before NCIO were the independent and ideal predictors of MPR. The developed nomogram demonstrated a good degree of accuracy and resilience in predicting the MPR following NCIO, indicating that it is a useful tool for assuring customized therapy for patients with possibly resectable LUSC.

Platelet proteomic profiling in sitosterolemia suggests thrombocytopenia is driven by lipid disorder and not platelet aberrations

AbstractSitosterolemia is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder in which patients develop hypercholesterolemia and may exhibit abnormal hematologic and/or liver test results. In this disease, dysfunction of either ABCG5 or ABCG8 results in the intestinal hyperabsorption of all sterols, including cholesterol and, more specifically, plant sterols or xenosterols, as well as in the impaired ability to excrete xenosterols into the bile. It remains unknown how and why some patients develop hematologic abnormalities. Only a few unrelated patients with hematologic abnormalities at the time of diagnosis have been reported. Here, we report on 2 unrelated pedigrees who were believed to have chronic immune thrombocytopenia as their most prominent feature. Both consanguineous families showed recessive gene variants in ABCG5, which were associated with the disease by in silico protein structure analysis and clinical segregation. Hepatosplenomegaly was absent. Thrombopoietin levels and megakaryocyte numbers in the bone marrow were normal. Metabolic analysis confirmed the presence of strongly elevated plasma levels of xenosterols. Potential platelet proteomic aberrations were longitudinally assessed following dietary restrictions combined with administration of the sterol absorption inhibitor ezetimibe. No significant effects on platelet protein content before and after the onset of treatment were demonstrated. Although we cannot exclude that lipotoxicity has a direct and platelet-specific impact in patients with sitosterolemia, our data suggest that thrombocytopenia is neither caused by a lack of megakaryocytes nor driven by proteomic aberrations in the platelets themselves.

Successful management of adult hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis with an etoposide-containing regimen: Case report and literature review

Objective: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening disorder characterized by a hyperimmune response. Although HLH is well described in the pediatric population, less is known about the appropriate management in adults. Despite the inclusion of etoposide in HLH society protocols, some clinicians refrain from using it due to its cytotoxicity and potential adverse effects. Case: We report here the case of a 43-year-old male presenting with fever and pancytopenia, who was diagnosed with HLH following further evaluation. The patient immediately started the HLH-2004 initial protocol, which consisted of dexamethasone, etoposide, cyclosporine, and IVIG. Symptoms improved after 2 weeks of treatment. Subsequent bone marrow biopsy showed normal results, and the patient achieved complete remission, leading to the termination of treatment in the 12th week of the protocol. At 8 months post-treatment, the patient remained recurrence-free with normal hematological and biochemical test results. Conclusion: This case underscores the importance of considering etoposide-containing regimens, particularly for medically fit patients.

Hematologic tests and their association with the severity of COVID-19 and periodontitis in hospitalized patients: a case–control study

BackgroundThe presence of comorbidities, especially those with a chronic inflammatory nature such as periodontitis, can facilitate COVID-19 progression toward more severe forms. Both of these diseases can affect systemic health and alter hematological test results. In this study, we decided to investigate COVID-19 and periodontitis’ possible interaction with these alterations.MethodsHospitalized patients with a definitive diagnosis of COVID-19 were included. Controls had mild to moderate COVID-19, while cases had severe to critical COVID-19. Periodontal examination was done for each patient. Relevant medical and hematological data were extracted from patient’s hospital files.ResultsA total of 122 patients entered the final analysis. The minimum white blood cell counts were associated with the severity of periodontitis. The interaction between periodontitis and COVID-19 was associated with increased minimum white blood cell counts and decreased platelet counts. COVID-19 severity was associated with increased venous oxygen saturation, prothrombin time, the maximum partial thromboplastin time, the maximum and average urea, the maximum creatinine, the maximum potassium, and lactate dehydrogenase, and decreased sodium levels.ConclusionsResults of this study showed that several blood parameters were associated with periodontitis, COVID-19, or the interaction between them.

Association Between Visceral Fat Area and Cancer Prognosis: A Population-Based Multicenter Prospective Study

BackgroundDiverse indicators have been used to represent adipose tissue, while the relationship between body adipose mass and the prognosis of patients with cancer remains controversial. ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the indicators of optimal body composition that represent body fat mass to predict risk of cancer-related mortality. MethodsWe conducted a population-based multicenter prospective cohort study of patients with initial cancer between February 2012 and September 2020. Clinical information, body composition indicators, hematologic test results, and follow-up data were collected. Body composition indicators were analyzed using principal component analysis to select the most representative indicators, and the cutoff value was set according to the optimal stratification method. The hazard ratio (HR) for mortality was calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression models. ResultsAmong 14,018 patients with complete body composition data, visceral fat area (VFA) is a more optimal indicator for body fat content (principal component index: 0.961) than body mass index (principal component index: 0.850). The cutoff points for VFA in terms of time to mortality were 66 cm2 and 102 cm2 for gastric/esophageal cancer and other cancers, respectively. Among the 2788 patients treated systemically, multivariate analyses demonstrated that a lower VFA was associated with a higher risk of death in patients with cancer of diverse types (HR: 1.33; 95% CI: 1.08, 1.64; P = 0.007), especially gastric cancer (HR: 2.13; 95% CI: 1.3, 3.49; P = 0.003), colorectal cancer HR: 1.81; 95% CI: 1.06, 3.08; P = 0.030) and nonsmall-cell lung cancer (HR: 1.27; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.59; P = 0.040). ConclusionVFA is an independent prognostic indicator of muscle mass in patients with diverse types of cancer, particularly gastric, colorectal, and nonsmall-cell lung cancers. Trial registration numberChiCTR1800020329.

Comparative study of SSNHL with and without tinnitus: audiologic and hematologic differences

Background and Objectives Tinnitus is one of the most common symptoms of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL), with the incidence of tinnitus in patients with SSNHL ranging from 60% to 90%. Little is known, however, about the specific audiologic and hematologic factors that may be associated with the development of tinnitus. To better understand the relationship between tinnitus and SSNHL, the present study compared audiologic and hematologic factors in SSNHL patients with tinnitus and without tinnitus. Subjects and Method The present study compared 120 patients with SSNHL with tinnitus and 59 patients with SSNHL without tinnitus at their initial examination. Their audiology and hematologic test results were analyzed, and hearing recovery was determined by comparing the hearing thresholds before and after treatment. Results 120 patients with tinnitus showed longer III and V latency in auditory brainstem response (ABR) tests, lower signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) at 2 kHz in transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE) tests, and lower response rates at 2 kHz in distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) tests of the affected ear (p < 0.05 each) than the 59 patients without tinnitus. However, there were no significant between-group differences in the mean hearing threshold and hearing recovery rate of the affected ear. Patients with tinnitus had significantly worse mean hearing thresholds and hearing thresholds at 4 kHz in the nonaffected ear. The percentages of monocytes and large unstained cells (%LUCs) were higher in the group without tinnitus (p < 0.05), although there were no significant between-group differences in inflammatory markers, such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR). Conclusion Tinnitus accompanying SSNHL may be associated with baseline hearing level, as well as being an indicator of damage to outer hair cells and auditory nerves. Additional studies are needed to evaluate hematologic data in SSNHL patients with and without tinnitus.

Coffee intake one hour prior to phlebotomy produces no clinically significant changes in routine biochemical test results.

Although current guidelines recommend not drinking coffee prior to phlebotomy, our hypothesis is that drinking coffee does not affect the clinical interpretation of biochemical and haematological test results. Twenty-seven volunteers were studied in basal state (T0) and 1h after (T1) drinking coffee. Routine haematological (Sysmex-XN1000 analyser) and biochemistry parameters (Vitros 4600 analyser) were studied. Results were compared using the Wilcoxon test (P < 0.05). A clinical change was considered when mean percent difference (MD%) was higher than the reference change value (RCV). Coffee intake produced statistically, but not clinically, significant: i) increases in haemoglobin (P = 0.009), mean cell haemoglobin concentration (P = 0.044), neutrophils (P = 0.001), albumin (P = 0.001), total protein (P = 0.000), cholesterol (P = 0.025), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = 0.007), uric acid (P = 0.011), calcium (P = 0.001), potassium (P = 0.010), aspartate aminotransferase (P = 0.001), amylase (P = 0.026), and lactate dehydrogenase (P = 0.001), and ii) decreases in mean cell volume (P = 0.002), red cell distribution width (P = 0.001), eosinophils (P = 0.002), and lymphocytes (P = 0.001), creatinine (P = 0.001), total bilirubin (P = 0.012), phosphorus (P = 0.001), magnesium (P = 0.007), and chloride (P = 0.001). Drinking a cup of coffee 1 hour prior to phlebotomy produces no clinically significant changes in routine biochemical and haematological test results.

Logistic Regression Using Hyperparameter Optimization on COVID-19 Patients’ Vital Status

This study aims to classify COVID-19 patients based on the results of their hematology tests. Hematology test results have been shown to be useful in identifying the severity and risk of COVID-19 patients. Specifically, this study focuses on classifying COVID-19 patients based on their vital status, namely Deceased and Alive. The dataset used in this study contains four variables: white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils (NEU), lymphocytes (LYM), and Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR). Logistic Regression algorithm was used to solve the problem, and hyperparameter optimization was implemented to obtain the best model performance. The objective of this study was to build the best parameter in classifying the patients’ vital status. The proposed model achieved an accuracy score of 78%, which is the best performance among the tested models. The results of this study provide a key component for decision making in hospitals, as it provides a way to quickly and accurately identify the vital status of COVID-19 patients. This study has important implications for managing the COVID-19 pandemic and should be of interest to researchers and practitioners in the field.&#x0D;  

COVID-19 hospitalized patients and oral changes: a case-control study.

To investigate the association between hospitalization for COVID-19 and oral changes, and to evaluate whether oral changes can indicate a higher risk of disease progression to death. This case-control study analyzed patients hospitalized (university hospital), including those in intensive care unit and clinical wards. The study group comprised 69 COVID-19 positive patients (PCR-test), while the control group included 43 COVID-19 negative patients. A dentist performed oral evaluations, and salivary samples were collected for calcium, phosphatase, and pH analysis. Sociodemographic data, hospitalization information, and hematological test results were collected from electronic-medical records. The presence of oral changes was assessed using chi-square tests, and the predicted risk of death was analyzed using binary logistic regression. COVID-19 positive patients had a significantly higher prevalence of oral changes compared to COVID-19 negative patients. The presence of any oral changes in COVID-19 positive patients indicated a 13-fold higher risk of mortality. "Bleeding ulcers," "pressure ulcers," and "angular cheilitis" were significantly associated with hospitalization for COVID-19. There may be an association between hospitalization for COVID-19 and the development of oral changes, including bleeding ulcers, pressure ulcers. and angular cheilitis. These oral changes may serve as potential indicator for disease progression an increased risk of death. COVID-19 hospitalized patients have a higher prevalence of oral changes, which indicate an increased risk of mortality. Oral medicine staff should be included in multidisciplinary teams to detect and treat these oral changes promptly.

The Ratio of Monocyte to Apolipoprotein A1 is an Independent Predictor of Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Study.

To explore the predictive value of the ratio of monocyte to apolipoprotein A1 (MAR) (a new index related to inflammation and lipid in breast cancer (BC)) and its relationship with clinicopathological staging. The hematological test results of 394 patients with breast diseases, including 276 cases of BC, 118 cases of benign breast disease (BBD), and 219 healthy volunteers (HV), were retrospectively collected. The clinical value of MAR was analyzed with binary logistic regression. Using statistical software analysis, the results showed that MAR level (P<0.001) was the largest in the BC group, followed by BBD, and the lowest in the HV group, and it was found to be an indicator to distinguish BC from BBD, also an independent risk factor for BC. The increase in MAR level showed that the risk of BC was 3.733 times higher than that of HV (P<0.001). In addition, there was a notable difference in MAR between early, middle and late stages of BC patients (P=0.047), with the highest MAR level in late stage (0.510±0.078) and the lowest MAR level in early stage (0.392±0.011); the MAR level of those with tumor invasion depth of Phase 4 was the highest (0.484±0.072), and that of Phase 1/2 was the lowest (0.379±0.010), with a statistically significant difference (P<0.001). MAR was positively correlated with tumor invasion depth (P<0.001, r=0.210), that's, the size of MAR increased when there was more deeper tumor invasion. MAR is a new indicator for the auxiliary differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast diseases, and is also an independent risk factor for BC. High-level MAR is closely related to late staging and tumor invasion depth of BC. It can be seen that MAR is a potentially valuable predictor of BC, and this is the first study to explore the clinical value of MAR in BC.

Hematological Parameters: Manual vs Automated Method; Among the β-Thalassemia and other Haemoglobinopathies in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kolkata

Background: According to a report of WHO in 2007, 7% of world populations are carrier for Haemoglobindisorder and accurate and timely detection of various Hb variants including beta thalassemia trait can preventoccurrence of more serious disorders like thalassemia major in new-borns. But in a developing country like ususe of high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) is limited, manual testing is done and accurate assessmentis quite impossible. So, an observational cross-sectional study was done among 117 β-thalassemia and otherHemoglobinopathies cases and carriers.Objective: To find out the variation between the results of haematological tests obtained by automated countingchamber and manual method.Materials &amp; Methods: This Observational, cross-sectional study was done at Thalassemia control unit and Physiologydepartment of R G Kar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata. β-thalassemia and other Hemoglobinopathies casesand carriers detected by complete blood count with HPLC from Thalassemia Outpatient Department (OPD) andantenatal mothers from antenatal clinic (ANC) were the population of this study. Findings and variations of thefeatures of different hematological parameters amongst the β-thalassemia and other hemoglobinopathies werereviewed. A finding by HPLC was HbA, HbA2, HbF, HbD, and HbE.Results: Result of only Hb% obtained from HPLC and manual method was significantly different inβ- THALASSEMIA Trait (p=0.0001), HbE Trait (p=0.0001), HbS trait (p=0.0001) and not significant in HbE diseaseand no other Red cell indices were significantly different in two methods. Conclusion: As hematological featureslike TC of RBC or PCV results by manual method shows no significant differences with HPLC/Automated counter assessment, such methods can be utilized even at primary level cost effectively for assessment of hematologicaldisorders. But significant difference is seen in estimating Hemoglobin percentage in between Shalli‘s method andHPLC/Automated counter assessment. So some alternate method may introduce at lower level of health systemother than Shalli’s method

Hematohidrosis induced by separation anxiety disorder during COVID-19 quarantine: a case report and brief literature review.

Here, we report a case involving a 10-year-old Vietnamese girl who developed hematohidrosis during the coronavirus disease quarantine. She was hospitalized with a 3-week recurrent bleeding on the abdominal skin. Physical examination revealed no signs of injuries on the skin. Hematological and biochemical test results and coagulation profiles were all within normal ranges. No abnormal findings were observed on abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography. Numerous erythrocytes were observed during the microscopic examination of fluid samples from the abdominal skin. It was speculated that hematohidrosis was precipitated by separation anxiety disorder, because the onset and remission of symptoms correlated with the beginning and end of the local quarantine, respectively. Our case report and brief literature review highlight the transient and benign nature of hematohidrosis. Although specific guidelines are not well established, hematohidrosis is a transient phenomenon that is treatable with pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical interventions, and its overall prognosis is favorable.

Predictors of disease severity, clinical course, and therapeutic outcome in COVID-19 patients: our experience with 1,700 patients.

Our study aimed at investigating the impacts of demographic, hematological, and biochemical factors on the clinical course and the prognostic outcome in adult COVID-19 patients. This retrospective study was performed in the internal medicine departments of two hospitals, and data were extracted from the medical files of 1,700 adult COVID-19 patients (836 females, 49.2%; 864 males, 50.8%) with an average age of 48.23 ± 16.68 (range: 18-93). Clinical data included baseline descriptives, prior medical history, admission date, treatment, and hematological and biochemical blood test results. The relationship between the survival, length of hospitalization, hematological, and biochemical parameters was investigated. Advanced age (p<0.001), presence of at least on comorbid disease (p=0.045), increased length of hospitalization (p=0.006), elevated white blood cell (p=0.001) and neutrophil (p=0.002) counts, increased serum levels of glucose (p=0.027), blood urea nitrogen (p<0.001), AST (p=0.006), LDH (p<0.001), CRP (p>0.001), and D-dimer (p=0.001). In contrast, diminution of serum levels of albumin (p<0.001), ALT (p=0.028), calcium (p=0.022), and platelet count (p=0.010) were associated with increased mortality. There was a positive and weak relationship between serum D-dimer levels and length of hospitalization. Our data imply that identifying and validating indicators that predict COVID-19 disease progression to improve health outcomes is crucial. Age, comorbidities, immunological response, radiographic abnormalities, laboratory markers, and signs of organ dysfunction may all predict poor outcomes individually or collectively. Identifying characteristics that predict COVID-19 problems is critical to guiding clinical management, improving patient outcomes, and allocating limited resources.

Early Changes in Clinical and Laboratory Parameters in Patients Died of COVID-19

261,435,768 COVID-19 infections were detected worldwide, of them 5,207,634 deaths were registered. Identifying markers of the patient severity early in the course of the disease can facilitate the assessment of the risk of adverse outcome.The objective: To compare values of laboratory parameters and their changes during treatment of patients with a complicated course of COVID-19 infection.Subjects and Methods. 56 patients were included in the study, all of them were hospitalized to COVID Hospital of the Clinic of Bashkir State Medical University, Russian Ministry of Health, from September 30, 2021 to November 15, 2021, and their complicated course of the disease necessitated transfer to the intensive care unit (ICU). The laboratory evaluation included the following: a general blood and urine counts, blood chemistry including urea and creatinine, liver transaminases, and blood coagulogram (prothrombin time (PTT), prothrombin index (PTI), thrombin time, fibrinogen, and blood clotting time).Results. In the group of patients with a fatal outcome on the day of transfer to ICU, lymphocytopenia, eosinopenia, elevated values of creatinine, total bilirubin, transaminases, C-reactive protein, D-dimer, and ferritin were noted. Also on this day, microscopic hematuria, proteinuria and cylindruria were detected in the urine tests of most patients in this group during treatment.Conclusion. Critical deviations in the results of hematological and biochemical tests were revealed. Particular attention should be paid to such parameters as the level of erythrocytes, lymphocytes, eosinophils, glucose, urea, creatinine, total bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, creatine kinase, C-reactive protein, D-dimer, and ferritin.

Hyaline Fibromatosis Syndrome Presenting with Nasal Mass: A Case Report.

Hyaline fibromatosis syndrome (HFS) is a rare, autosomally-recesfvsive disease characterized by papulonodular skin lesions, soft tissue masses, joint contractures, gingival overgrowth, and osteolytic bone lesions. Mutations in capillary morphogenesis gene 2 are responsible for both these conditions. Generally, an autosomal recessive pattern is assumed to be the most common mode of inheritance. Here, we report an unusual case of a twenty-three-year-old female patient with HFS who reported with a chief complaint of growing nasal mass for three months. There was no history of pain or bleeding associated with the nasal mass. Due to the growing mass, she experienced right nasal obstruction, which compromised her quality of life. There was an unremarkable family history. Her physical examination revealed multiple asymptomatic pinkish-white papulonodular lesions located at multiple sites. Intra orally, she had generalized gingival enlargement. Her nasal examination revealed a right sided nasal mass, bright red in color. The lesion was soft on palpation. All the results of hematological and biochemical tests were normal. However, skeletal radiographic examination showed the joint contractures on her knees and elbows without the presence of osteolytic bone lesions. The nasal lesion was surgically excised and histopathological examination revealed features suggestive of HFS.

Relationship between the Amount of Menstrual Flow and Cardiac Status in Women with Fontan Circulation.

A high prevalence of heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) has been reported in women with Fontan circulation. Cyanosis has been reported to contribute to HMB, and menstruation has been suggested to affect cardiac status in women with congenital heart disease. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the amount of menstrual flow and cardiac status in women with Fontan circulation.Twenty women who had undergone the Fontan procedure were prospectively investigated and the amount of their menstrual flow was evaluated using a questionnaire. Participants were divided into two groups-small and large menstrual bleeding groups-and their clinical data, including the results of hematological tests and echocardiographic findings, were evaluated.One (5%) woman showed primary amenorrhea. Eight of the remaining 19 (42%) women were included in the large menstrual bleeding group. Women with large menstrual bleeding showed a significantly higher hematocrit level (47.1% [36.2%-50.3%] versus 42.1% [35.3%-44.9%], P = 0.006) and longer QRS duration (106 [92-172] ms versus 88 [78-140] ms, P = 0.008), as well as a lower fractional area change (37.4% [35.6%-47.2%] versus 47.0% [38.2%-55.7%], P = 0.010) and global longitudinal strain (-10.5% [-14.9% to -6.6%] versus -13.9% [-20.5% to -7.8%], P = 0.041) of the dominant ventricle on echocardiography, than women with small bleeding.Erythrocytosis, longer QRS duration, and reduced ventricular function were related to increased menstrual bleeding in women with Fontan circulation. These functions may be interrelated with the amount of menstrual flow in such women.

STUDY OF THE PROPERTIES OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE COMPLEXES BASED ON RUMEX TIANSCHANICUS L. IN THE EXPERIENCE OF CHRONIC TOXICITY

Rumex tianschanicus L. is a medicinal plant used in folk medicine for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, liver, diarrhea, constipation, and skin diseases [1,2]. Despite the widespread use of medicinal plants in traditional medicine, only a few of them have been tested for efficacy and safety [3]. In this regard, the purpose of this work was to evaluate the properties of biologically active complexes isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Rumex tianschanicus L. in the experience of chronic toxicity. Phytochemical analysis was carried out by HPLC. As a result of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of the phytocomplex, its composition was established: 84.9% anthraquinone glycosides, 14.7% anthraquinone aglycones, 0.4% naphthaquinones. Animals of the experimental groups were administered Rumex tianschanicus L. extract orally at different doses of 10 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg for 21 days. The extract had no direct effect on the functions of the gastrointestinal tract and liver, which is confirmed by the results of hematological and biochemical blood tests in rats. Thus, the extract based on Rumex tianschanicus L. was found to be safe when administered orally and should be studied as a therapeutic agent.

Hematological Profile Changes Among Oral Contraceptive Users: A Narrative Review.

Hematological profiles are measurable indices of blood that can be used to identify and monitor some pathological and physiological abnormalities. Oral contraceptives are one of the factors which may exert an influence on hematological laboratory test results and have a critical importance. Therefore, the main goal of this review was to evaluate the hematologic profile alterations brought on by the use of oral contraceptives. Accordingly, even though there were studies that showed no significant difference, most of the oral contraceptive users had higher hemoglobin, platelet, and erythrocyte counts than non-users. Other erythrocyte metrics, such as mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and red cell dispersion width, did not significantly change. Moreover, leukocyte count and leukocyte differential count had no significant change among the oral contraceptive users in comparison to non-users. Oral contraceptive users typically have shorter prothrombin times, activated partial thromboplastin times, thrombin times, and greater levels of fibrinogen and D-dimer compared to non-users. However, this review is a narrative review and did not show the pooled effect of oral contraceptives on these hematological parameters. Therefore, it is recommended to do systematic and meta-analysis to determine the pooled effect of oral contraceptives.

Güneybatı Türkiye'de Çocuklarda Akrep Sokması: Bir Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Deneyimi

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and laboratory features and prognosis of scorpion stings in children.Methods: This was a retrospective study of children with scorpion stings, who were admitted to the pediatric emergency department in Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University (ALKU) Training and Research Hospital between the 1st of January 2019 and the 31st of December 2020. Demographic data, admission date, time periods from sting to admission to hospital and geographical location in which the sting occurred were recorded. Recordings were also made of the affected body sites, local and systemic signs and symptoms of envenomation, results of hematological and biochemical laboratory tests, management, length of hospital stay and outcome.Results: In total, medical records of 111 children were reviewed. Patients were separated according to the clinical findings into three groups, seventy patients (63.1%) with mild symptoms and thirty-four patients (30.6%) with moderate symptoms, seven patients (6.3%) with severe symptoms. There was one exitus due to scorpion stings in the study period. Forty-one (37%) patients were hospitalised, and seven patients (6.3%) were hospitalised in the pediatric intensive care unit. Five patients (4%) received doxazosin and nineteen (17%) patients had antivenom therapy. Hospitalization in the intensive care unit was necessary for seven cases. No patient exhibited sequelae at the hospital discharge.Conclusions: Scorpion stings in our region mostly result in mild envenomation. Doxazosin, an analog of prazosin more readily available in our country, can be considered as a treatment option in serious scorpion envenomations with significant sympathetic symptoms.

SARS-COV-2 TREATMENT WITH HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE AND VITAMIN C: COMPARATIVE RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF ORAL MUCOSAL CHANGES BY HEMATOLOGY TESTING DURING TWO PERIODS

Objectives. To compare two methods of COVID-19 treatment based on hematology test results and oral cavity manifestations. Materials and methods. The first part of the study included patients in the period from May to July 2020 with coronavirus infection; another part of the study was conducted in the period from August to October 2020. Two groups received different treatment: 1) with hydroxychloroquine and 2) with without hydroxychloroquine. Results. C-reactive protein was elevated in 173 (89%) in the hydroxychloroquine group and in 30 (81%) patients in group without hydroxychloroquine (p&lt;.01). As well, INR, Quick prothrombin, D-dimer and neutrophils were statistically different. Hydroxychloroquine treatment showed a decrease in symptoms within 7-10 days while Vitamin C protocol demonstrated health improvements in 4-5 days. Patients from hydroxychloroquine group demonstrated pigmentation in the attached gingiva on both maxilla and mandibula (n=80; 41.4%) and in hard palate (n=3; 1.5%) Lentigo was revealed in 23 (10.8%) patients in both lips. None of the patients from the second group had any of manifestations. Conclusion. Oral changes are not primary in the oral cavity in COVID-19.